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John Carradine
John Carradine (born Richmond Reed Carradine; February 5, 1906 – November 27, 1988) was an American actor, best known for his roles in horror films and Westerns as well as Shakespearean theatre. A member of Cecil B. DeMille's stock company and later John Ford's company, he was one of the most prolific character actors in Hollywood history. He was married four times, had five children and was the patriarch of the Carradine family, including four of his sons and four of his grandchildren who are or were also actors.
==Early life==
John Carradine was born in the Greenwich Village section of the Manhattan borough of New York City, son of William Reed Carradine, a correspondent for the Associated Press, and his wife Dr. Genevieve Winnifred Richmond, a surgeon.〔Krebs, Albin. "John Carradine, Actor, Dies; appeared in Numerous Roles", ''New York Times,'' November 29, 1988.〕〔(Filmreference.com: John Carradine ).〕 He was primarily of Irish descent.〔http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/david-carradines-widow-files-wrongful-death-suit/story?id=10825994〕 William Carradine was the son of evangelical author Beverly Carradine. The family lived in Peekskill and Kingston, New York.〔Beaver, Jim. "John Carradine", ''Films in Review,'' October 1979.〕 William Carradine died from tuberculosis when his son John was two years old. Carradine's mother then married "a Philadelphia paper manufacturer named Peck, who thought the way to bring up someone else's boy was to beat him every day just on general principle."〔Carradine, David. ''Endless Highway''(1995) Journey Publishing〕 Carradine attended the Christ Church School in Kingston〔 and the Episcopal Academy in Merion Station, Pennsylvania, where he developed his diction and his memory while memorizing portions of the ''Episcopal Book of Common Prayer'' as a punishment.〔
Carradine's son, David, claimed his father ran away when he was 14 years old. He later returned, as he studied sculpture at Philadelphia's Graphic Arts Institute.〔 Carradine lived with his maternal uncle, Peter Richmond, in New York City for a while, working in the film archives of the public library. David said that while still a teenager, his father went to Richmond, Virginia, to serve as an apprentice to Daniel Chester French, the sculptor who created the statue of Abraham Lincoln for the Lincoln Monument (see notes). He traveled for a time, supporting himself painting portraits. "If the sitter was satisfied, the price was $2.50," he once said. "It cost him nothing if he thought it was a turkey. I made as high as $10 to $15 a day."〔 During this time, he was arrested for vagrancy. While in jail, Carradine was beaten, suffering a broken nose that did not set correctly. This contributed to "the look that would become world famous."〔
David Carradine said, "My dad told me that he saw a production of Shakespeare's ''The Merchant of Venice'' when he was eleven years old and decided right then what he wanted to do with his life".〔 He made his stage debut in 1925 in New Orleans in a production of ''Camille'' and worked for a time in a New Orleans Shakespeare company.〔 Carradine joined a tent repertory theater under the management of R. D. MaClean, who became his mentor. In 1927, he took a job escorting a shipment of bananas from Dallas, Texas to Los Angeles,〔 where he eventually picked up some theater work under the name of Peter Richmond, in homage to his uncle. He became friends with John Barrymore, and began working for Cecil B. DeMille as a set designer. Carradine, however, did not have the job long. "DeMille noticed the lack of Roman columns in my sketches," Carradine said. "I lasted two weeks."〔 Once DeMille heard his baritone voice, however, he hired him to do voice-overs. Carradine said, "...the great Cecil B. DeMille saw an apparition - me - pass him by, reciting the gravedigger's lines from 'Hamlet,' and he instructed me to report to him the following day."〔 He became a member of DeMille's stock company and his voice was heard in several DeMille pictures, including ''The Sign of the Cross''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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